header {* The type of strict sums *}
theory Ssum
imports Tr
begin
default_sort pcpo
subsection {* Definition of strict sum type *}
definition
"ssum =
{p :: tr × ('a × 'b). p = ⊥ ∨
(fst p = TT ∧ fst (snd p) ≠ ⊥ ∧ snd (snd p) = ⊥) ∨
(fst p = FF ∧ fst (snd p) = ⊥ ∧ snd (snd p) ≠ ⊥)}"
pcpodef ('a, 'b) ssum (infixr "++" 10) = "ssum :: (tr × 'a × 'b) set"
unfolding ssum_def by simp_all
instance ssum :: ("{chfin,pcpo}", "{chfin,pcpo}") chfin
by (rule typedef_chfin [OF type_definition_ssum below_ssum_def])
type_notation (xsymbols)
ssum ("(_ ⊕/ _)" [21, 20] 20)
type_notation (HTML output)
ssum ("(_ ⊕/ _)" [21, 20] 20)
subsection {* Definitions of constructors *}
definition
sinl :: "'a -> ('a ++ 'b)" where
"sinl = (Λ a. Abs_ssum (seq·a·TT, a, ⊥))"
definition
sinr :: "'b -> ('a ++ 'b)" where
"sinr = (Λ b. Abs_ssum (seq·b·FF, ⊥, b))"
lemma sinl_ssum: "(seq·a·TT, a, ⊥) ∈ ssum"
by (simp add: ssum_def seq_conv_if)
lemma sinr_ssum: "(seq·b·FF, ⊥, b) ∈ ssum"
by (simp add: ssum_def seq_conv_if)
lemma Rep_ssum_sinl: "Rep_ssum (sinl·a) = (seq·a·TT, a, ⊥)"
by (simp add: sinl_def cont_Abs_ssum Abs_ssum_inverse sinl_ssum)
lemma Rep_ssum_sinr: "Rep_ssum (sinr·b) = (seq·b·FF, ⊥, b)"
by (simp add: sinr_def cont_Abs_ssum Abs_ssum_inverse sinr_ssum)
lemmas Rep_ssum_simps =
Rep_ssum_inject [symmetric] below_ssum_def
prod_eq_iff below_prod_def
Rep_ssum_strict Rep_ssum_sinl Rep_ssum_sinr
subsection {* Properties of \emph{sinl} and \emph{sinr} *}
text {* Ordering *}
lemma sinl_below [simp]: "(sinl·x \<sqsubseteq> sinl·y) = (x \<sqsubseteq> y)"
by (simp add: Rep_ssum_simps seq_conv_if)
lemma sinr_below [simp]: "(sinr·x \<sqsubseteq> sinr·y) = (x \<sqsubseteq> y)"
by (simp add: Rep_ssum_simps seq_conv_if)
lemma sinl_below_sinr [simp]: "(sinl·x \<sqsubseteq> sinr·y) = (x = ⊥)"
by (simp add: Rep_ssum_simps seq_conv_if)
lemma sinr_below_sinl [simp]: "(sinr·x \<sqsubseteq> sinl·y) = (x = ⊥)"
by (simp add: Rep_ssum_simps seq_conv_if)
text {* Equality *}
lemma sinl_eq [simp]: "(sinl·x = sinl·y) = (x = y)"
by (simp add: po_eq_conv)
lemma sinr_eq [simp]: "(sinr·x = sinr·y) = (x = y)"
by (simp add: po_eq_conv)
lemma sinl_eq_sinr [simp]: "(sinl·x = sinr·y) = (x = ⊥ ∧ y = ⊥)"
by (subst po_eq_conv, simp)
lemma sinr_eq_sinl [simp]: "(sinr·x = sinl·y) = (x = ⊥ ∧ y = ⊥)"
by (subst po_eq_conv, simp)
lemma sinl_inject: "sinl·x = sinl·y ==> x = y"
by (rule sinl_eq [THEN iffD1])
lemma sinr_inject: "sinr·x = sinr·y ==> x = y"
by (rule sinr_eq [THEN iffD1])
text {* Strictness *}
lemma sinl_strict [simp]: "sinl·⊥ = ⊥"
by (simp add: Rep_ssum_simps)
lemma sinr_strict [simp]: "sinr·⊥ = ⊥"
by (simp add: Rep_ssum_simps)
lemma sinl_bottom_iff [simp]: "(sinl·x = ⊥) = (x = ⊥)"
using sinl_eq [of "x" "⊥"] by simp
lemma sinr_bottom_iff [simp]: "(sinr·x = ⊥) = (x = ⊥)"
using sinr_eq [of "x" "⊥"] by simp
lemma sinl_defined: "x ≠ ⊥ ==> sinl·x ≠ ⊥"
by simp
lemma sinr_defined: "x ≠ ⊥ ==> sinr·x ≠ ⊥"
by simp
text {* Compactness *}
lemma compact_sinl: "compact x ==> compact (sinl·x)"
by (rule compact_ssum, simp add: Rep_ssum_sinl)
lemma compact_sinr: "compact x ==> compact (sinr·x)"
by (rule compact_ssum, simp add: Rep_ssum_sinr)
lemma compact_sinlD: "compact (sinl·x) ==> compact x"
unfolding compact_def
by (drule adm_subst [OF cont_Rep_cfun2 [where f=sinl]], simp)
lemma compact_sinrD: "compact (sinr·x) ==> compact x"
unfolding compact_def
by (drule adm_subst [OF cont_Rep_cfun2 [where f=sinr]], simp)
lemma compact_sinl_iff [simp]: "compact (sinl·x) = compact x"
by (safe elim!: compact_sinl compact_sinlD)
lemma compact_sinr_iff [simp]: "compact (sinr·x) = compact x"
by (safe elim!: compact_sinr compact_sinrD)
subsection {* Case analysis *}
lemma ssumE [case_names bottom sinl sinr, cases type: ssum]:
obtains "p = ⊥"
| x where "p = sinl·x" and "x ≠ ⊥"
| y where "p = sinr·y" and "y ≠ ⊥"
using Rep_ssum [of p] by (auto simp add: ssum_def Rep_ssum_simps)
lemma ssum_induct [case_names bottom sinl sinr, induct type: ssum]:
"[|P ⊥;
!!x. x ≠ ⊥ ==> P (sinl·x);
!!y. y ≠ ⊥ ==> P (sinr·y)|] ==> P x"
by (cases x, simp_all)
lemma ssumE2 [case_names sinl sinr]:
"[|!!x. p = sinl·x ==> Q; !!y. p = sinr·y ==> Q|] ==> Q"
by (cases p, simp only: sinl_strict [symmetric], simp, simp)
lemma below_sinlD: "p \<sqsubseteq> sinl·x ==> ∃y. p = sinl·y ∧ y \<sqsubseteq> x"
by (cases p, rule_tac x="⊥" in exI, simp_all)
lemma below_sinrD: "p \<sqsubseteq> sinr·x ==> ∃y. p = sinr·y ∧ y \<sqsubseteq> x"
by (cases p, rule_tac x="⊥" in exI, simp_all)
subsection {* Case analysis combinator *}
definition
sscase :: "('a -> 'c) -> ('b -> 'c) -> ('a ++ 'b) -> 'c" where
"sscase = (Λ f g s. (λ(t, x, y). If t then f·x else g·y) (Rep_ssum s))"
translations
"case s of XCONST sinl·x => t1 | XCONST sinr·y => t2" == "CONST sscase·(Λ x. t1)·(Λ y. t2)·s"
"case s of (XCONST sinl :: 'a)·x => t1 | XCONST sinr·y => t2" => "CONST sscase·(Λ x. t1)·(Λ y. t2)·s"
translations
"Λ(XCONST sinl·x). t" == "CONST sscase·(Λ x. t)·⊥"
"Λ(XCONST sinr·y). t" == "CONST sscase·⊥·(Λ y. t)"
lemma beta_sscase:
"sscase·f·g·s = (λ(t, x, y). If t then f·x else g·y) (Rep_ssum s)"
unfolding sscase_def by (simp add: cont_Rep_ssum)
lemma sscase1 [simp]: "sscase·f·g·⊥ = ⊥"
unfolding beta_sscase by (simp add: Rep_ssum_strict)
lemma sscase2 [simp]: "x ≠ ⊥ ==> sscase·f·g·(sinl·x) = f·x"
unfolding beta_sscase by (simp add: Rep_ssum_sinl)
lemma sscase3 [simp]: "y ≠ ⊥ ==> sscase·f·g·(sinr·y) = g·y"
unfolding beta_sscase by (simp add: Rep_ssum_sinr)
lemma sscase4 [simp]: "sscase·sinl·sinr·z = z"
by (cases z, simp_all)
subsection {* Strict sum preserves flatness *}
instance ssum :: (flat, flat) flat
apply (intro_classes, clarify)
apply (case_tac x, simp)
apply (case_tac y, simp_all add: flat_below_iff)
apply (case_tac y, simp_all add: flat_below_iff)
done
end